Dementia is now the cause of one in eight deaths in the UK

Dementia is to blame for one in eight deaths, shocking figures revealed yesterday.

Nearly 70,000 lives were lost to the illness last year – 13 per cent up on the 61,000 of 2015.

Experts warn the figure will keep increasing because people are living longer and conditions such as Alzheimer’s are still untreatable.

The death rate highlights the urgency of a Daily Mail campaign to end a scandal in which countless sufferers have to sell their homes to pay for care. More than 850,000 Britons have dementia, a progressive disease that kills by damaging the brains of victims.

The Office for National Statistics said the illness was responsible for 12.8 per cent of the 541,589 registered deaths in England and Wales last year. 

Men’s death rates are falling faster than women’s – since 2003 the number of men dying each year has fallen by 362 per 100,000, while the women’s rate has only fallen by 217 in comparison

Barbara Windsor was out and about celebrating her 82nd birthday yesterday with husband Scott Mitchell, 56

Barbara Windsor was out and about celebrating her 82nd birthday yesterday with husband Scott Mitchell, 56

It has been the nation’s biggest killer since 2016. The rise in the number of sufferers is partly down to people living longer, according to the ONS.

A better understanding of dementia and improved diagnosis is also likely to have increased reporting.

DEMENTIA DEATH TOLL DOUBLES IN A DECADE 

Dementia is contributing to the deaths of twice as many elderly people as it did a decade ago, data revealed in June.

Figures from Public Health England (PHE) showed the memory-robbing disorder was involved in one in four deaths among people aged 75 or over in England in 2017.

This is double the number of fatalities in 2007, when dementia killed just 12.8 per cent of pensioners.

Experts have called the condition, which causes the progressive death of brain tissue and is the UK’s biggest killer, the ‘health crisis of our time’.

PHE’s figures record how many people had dementia as a contributing or underlying cause of death, so they may also have had terminal cancer or heart disease.

The statistics came just days after it was announced the number of people over the age of 65 living with the condition has hit an all-time high.

A total of 453,881 over-65s were living with the brain-destroying illness in May, a rise of more than 17,000 from the same time last year.

Improved abilities to spot dementia, which is usually caused by Alzheimer’s disease, and people living longer are leading to higher rates.

Campaigners said the figures must act as a wake-up call to the Government, which has been accused of ignoring dementia in favour of illnesses such as cancer and heart disease. It invests £82.5million a year on research into the disease compared with £269million for cancer.

‘One person develops dementia in the UK every three minutes and there are still far too many facing a future alone, without adequate support,’ said Sally Copley of the Alzheimer’s Society.

‘We need to act now to tackle the biggest health crisis of our time. We need the Government to prioritise dementia with a dedicated NHS Dementia Fund and invest in a plan for long-term social care reform.’

Dr Alison Evans, head of policy at Alzheimer’s Research UK, warned a million Britons could be living with dementia by 2021.

She added: ‘Without more research and better treatments, we will continue to see dementia burden our health system, overwhelm our social care resources, and steal our loved ones from us.’

The Daily Mail launched a campaign last month calling for a cross-party solution to the crisis of sufferers selling homes to pay for care.

More than 219,000 readers have signed the Mail’s petition calling on Boris Johnson to take action.

Actress Barbara Windsor, who was diagnosed with Alzheimer’s in 2014, yesterday wrote an open letter to the Prime Minister asking him to fix the system.

Dianne Steene, a solicitor at Steene Law and specialist in legal matters relating to care fees, said: ‘Too many people are ending their days having seen their legacies decimated by care fees – often because local authorities have misunderstood the law or because they happened to have the wrong postcode.

The number of people over the age of 65 living with dementia in England has risen from 431,786 in November 2016 to 453,881 in May this year. Experts say an ageing population and improved testing account for sharp rises in the official figures

The number of people over the age of 65 living with dementia in England has risen from 431,786 in November 2016 to 453,881 in May this year. Experts say an ageing population and improved testing account for sharp rises in the official figures

Men narrow gap in life expectancy with women 

Death rates among women went up last year while falling for men.

It is the fifth time in the past 18 years that female mortality rates have risen.

The Office for National Statistics, which produced the figures, said they were fresh evidence that the life expectancy gap, in which women have historically lived longer than men, is closing.

The figures showed there were 541,589 deaths in England and Wales last year, up 1.6 per cent on the 533,253 of 2017.

It was the highest number of deaths since 1999, but the ONS said that was because of the growing population.

Among men, there were 1,120.9 deaths per 100,000 – 0.3 per cent down on 2017. The figure for women was 838 per 100,000 – an increase of 0.1 per cent.

Ben Humberstone of the ONS said: ‘Although 2018 saw the highest number of deaths since 1999, when taking the age and size of the population into account, death rates have remained more or less stable since 2011.

‘Mortality rates fell slightly for males but rose slightly for females in 2018. This is likely to close the gap in life expectancy between the two. We are continuing to see the levelling-off of mortality improvements and will understand more as we analyse this data further.’

ONS experts have pointed to the changing lifestyles of men and women. While large numbers of men no longer work in dangerous heavy industry, and many no longer indulge in risky behaviour such as smoking, women work in the same offices as men and may face greater stresses in making a living.

A report by the ONS in 2014 said: ‘Increases in women entering the labour force over the last 50 years are considered to have had an impact on levels of stress, smoking and drinking, leading to changes in the health of females.’

Last week the ONS said that the switch by women toward education and careers has contributed to historically low birthrates.

 

‘The fact that Alzheimer’s and dementia are now the leading cause of death in the UK underlines the need for the Government to address the care fees crisis with renewed urgency.’

In the two years since the Government promised to publish a social care plan, families have been forced to find £15billion to support relatives with the illness.

Middle-class families are among the hardest hit because free care is given only to those with less than £23,250 in savings or housing wealth.

Miss Copley added: ‘Every day we hear from people who are struggling to access good quality care that they need, often having to pay for it themselves, whatever their stage of dementia. Tragically this doesn’t get any better in a person’s final days, meaning there is often still a huge financial burden on families even then, the most distressing of times.’

Yesterday’s report said dementia was the leading cause of death for women and the second biggest killer for men, after heart disease. For the sexes combined it is the biggest cause of deaths. Dr Hilda Hayo of Dementia UK said: ‘This is further clear-cut evidence of why dementia needs to be made a priority.

‘Rising incidences of dementia may point to increased public understanding around the condition but it does not diminish the often intense emotional and practical strain faced by families.

‘The Government needs to do more to integrate the creaking social and healthcare systems.

‘More access to funding for social care and specialist dementia support will undoubtedly help to relieve the pressures on a struggling NHS and allow more families to live well with dementia.’ 

The same ONS report showed that drug overdoses have overtaken suicides as the biggest killer of middle-aged men

Suicide had been the most common form of death in the 35-49 age group. But drug overdoses and accidently poisonings have now taken over as Britain’s nascent opiate crisis begins to take hold.

There were 1,336 such deaths in 2018, 12.5 per cent of the total. 

The Alzheimer’s Society’s Sally Copley said: ‘For four years now, we’ve seen deaths caused by dementia increase. 

‘We need to take action now to tackle the biggest health crisis of our time. One person develops dementia in the UK every three minutes and there are still far too many facing a future alone, without adequate support.

‘There has never been a more urgent need for the Government, the NHS, the research community and society to unite with us against this devastating condition.

‘We are working hard to make sure everyone can live well with dementia today and find a cure for the future, but we need the Government to prioritise dementia with a dedicated NHS Dementia Fund and invest in a plan for long term social care reform.’ 

The actress, who was diagnosed five years ago with Alzheimer's, has written a letter to Boris Johnson asking him to fix the social care system

The actress, who was diagnosed five years ago with Alzheimer’s, has written a letter to Boris Johnson asking him to fix the social care system

Men's survival rates are improving faster than women's – ONS data today revealed that, since 2003 the number of men dying each year has fallen by 362 per 100,000, while the women's rate has only fallen by 217 in comparison

Men’s survival rates are improving faster than women’s – ONS data today revealed that, since 2003 the number of men dying each year has fallen by 362 per 100,000, while the women’s rate has only fallen by 217 in comparison

The statistics and charities’ pleas for funding come on the same day Dame Barbara Windsor urged Prime Minister Boris Johnson urging him to fix the care system.

Dame Barbara, who turns 82 today and was diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease five years ago, said in a video message: ‘I am absolutely delighted to become an ambassador for this wonderful charity [the Alzheimer’s Society], who are helping so many people living with dementia like me. 

WHAT IS DEMENTIA? 

Dementia is an umbrella term used to describe a range of progressive neurological disorders, that is, conditions affecting the brain.

There are many different types of dementia, of which Alzheimer’s disease is the most common.

Some people may have a combination of types of dementia.

Regardless of which type is diagnosed, each person will experience their dementia in their own unique way.

Dementia is a global concern but it is most often seen in wealthier countries, where people are likely to live into very old age.

HOW MANY PEOPLE ARE AFFECTED?

The Alzheimer’s Society reports there are more than 850,000 people living with dementia in the UK today, of which more than 500,000 have Alzheimer’s.

It is estimated that the number of people living with dementia in the UK by 2025 will rise to over 1 million.

In the US, it’s estimated there are 5.5 million Alzheimer’s sufferers. A similar percentage rise is expected in the coming years.

As a person’s age increases, so does the risk of them developing dementia.

Rates of diagnosis are improving but many people with dementia are thought to still be undiagnosed.

IS THERE A CURE?

Currently there is no cure for dementia.

But new drugs can slow down its progression and the earlier it is spotted the more effective treatments are.

Source: Dementia UK

‘We’re lucky to have amazing support but my heart goes out to the many, many people who are really struggling to get the care they so desperately need.

‘Please join us – let’s do everything we can to sort this out.’ 

Dr Alison Evans, head of policy at Alzheimer’s Research UK, said: ‘The number of people with dementia is rising as people are now surviving other diseases and living longer. 

‘People deserve to see the same life-changing breakthroughs made in the treatment of dementia that have benefited other major disease areas, like cancer. 

‘The UK government currently only invests 0.3 per cent of the annual cost of dementia towards research and this is pitifully low. 

‘We’ve called on the government and our new Prime Minister to join countries around the world and commit to put the equivalent of just 1 per cent of the cost of dementia towards research.’ 

Dozens of studies and drug trials are being done in a desperate bid to find a way to slow down or stop the brain-destroying disease.

But failure has doomed every attempt so far – more than 150 clinical trials have fallen flat since 1998. 

This is often because, by the time a patient shows any signs of dementia it is already too late to treat them.  

Dr Hilda Hayo, CEO at Dementia UK, added: ‘This is further clear-cut evidence of why dementia needs to be made a priority amongst Government. 

‘The Government needs to do more to integrate the creaking social and healthcare systems. 

‘More access to funding for social care and specialist dementia support will undoubtedly help to relieve the pressures on a struggling NHS and allow more families to live well with dementia.’ 

THE WAR ON ALZHEIMER’S: MORE THAN 150 TRIALS HAVE FAILED IN 20 YEARS

Scientists have for years been scrambling to find a way to treat or prevent Alzheimer’s disease, which accounts for around two thirds of the 50million dementia patients worldwide.

But attempts to tackle the brain-destroying disease have been beset with failures.

In March this year the pharmaceutical company Biogen abandoned two late-stage trials of a promising Alzheimer’s drug, aducanumab, which it hoped would work by clearing the brain of sticky build-ups.

After years of research and testing the company decided its prospects looked poor in the end stages of a human trial and pulled the plug, wiping $18billion (£13.8bn) off its own market value.

In January, the firm Roche announced it was discontinuing two trials which were in their third phase of human testing.

It was trying to develop crenezumab, which worked by preventing build-up of plaques in the brain and had already been proven safe, but wasn’t having the desired results.

Between 1998 and 2017 there were around 146 failed attempts to develop Alzheimer’s drugs, according to science news website, BioSpace.

Billions of dollars have been invested in the industry and a successful, marketable treatment would likely make a fortune for the company which gets there first.

Experts have said a difficulty in testing drugs on the right people may be partly to blame – Alzheimer’s is rarely diagnosed before it has taken hold and, by that time, it is often too late or studying people becomes too difficult.

For drugs which try to modify the course of a disease, trials often have to be longer and more in-depth, making them more difficult and costly, researchers wrote in the journal Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs.

The same researchers added scientists may be struggling to find the correct dose of drugs which could work, and that they may be recruiting the wrong types of people to test them on.

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