Top Chinese leaders have been forced to undergo a self-criticism session, state media said Thursday.
The session, which was hosted by China’s President Xi Jinping, is in a further sign of Xi’s efforts to enforce party loyalty amid signs of internal dissent over his handling of a trade war with the United States.
A tool highly favoured by Mao Zedong and taken to extremes during the Cultural Revolution, self-criticism sessions are back in favour under Xi’s presidency as he seeks to consolidate power and tighten discipline in the upper party echelons.
The screenshot of a report on China’s state broadcaster CCTV shows President Xi Jinping speaking at the ‘meeting of democratic life’ held on Tuesday and Wednesday
Xi is widely considered the country’s most powerful leader since Mao. Pictured, a soldier stands watch near a portrait of the late Chinese leader at the Tian’anmen Square in Beijing
Members of the Politburo ‘were asked to conduct criticism and self-criticism in light of work experience,’ at the ‘meeting of democratic life’ held on Tuesday and Wednesday, state news agency Xinhua reported.
They were also questioned on ‘how they have taken the lead to implement Xi’s instructions and key Party regulations and policies,’ it added.
During the meeting, the members of the Politburo took it in turns to read out their speech of self-examination in front of Xi, which had been approved by ‘relevant leaders’ beforehand, according to Chinese state broadcaster CCTV.
Their speeches were reported to have profound understanding, tough self reflection and honest opinions. The session reached the goal of further unifying thoughts, clarifying the direction and solidifying strength of the party, the report said.
Members of the Politburo ‘were asked to conduct criticism and self-criticism’ at the meeting. The CCTV screenshot shows President Xi hosting the roundtable discussion
The centre of power in China lies with the 25-member Politburo, though its role has lessened since Xi got the top job in 2012 and started concentrating powers in his own hands.
Analysts however say the president’s authority has been contested over the last few months due to an economic slowdown triggered by an ongoing trade war with the U.S.
Xinhua’s report of the meeting does not say what self-criticisms the members of the Politburo were expected to make.
Self-criticisms were regularly carried out during the Cultural Revolution – a period of intense social and political upheaval from 1966-76 – and have returned under Xi.
Xi is endeavouring to enforce party loyalty amid signs of internal dissent over his handling of a trade war with the United States. This file picture taken on November 9, 2017, shows U.S. President Trump and China’s President Xi at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing
Experts said top officials appear to have wavered from the political line imposed by the strongman president.
Willy Lam, a professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, described the meeting as ‘extraordinary’ because the leadership is ‘admitting there is tension within its ranks’.
‘It means some of the Politburo members have done or said things contrary to Xi Jinping’s interests,’ he added.
Lam said Xi was being challenged for underestimating U.S. President Donald Trump’s determination and failing to see the tariff increases that particularly penalise the export regions in the south and east and the country’s high-tech industries.
Xi ‘is under tremendous pressure to come to a compromise with Trump’ before the deadline in early March, he said.
Taken to extremes during the Cultural Revolution and a tool highly favoured by Mao (right), self-criticism sessions are back in favour under the presidency of Xi Jinping (left)
The date coincides with the annual plenary session of the Chinese parliament, during which Xi risks criticism from the representatives of the regions and sectors most affected by the trade tensions.
In the trade negotiations, ‘Donald Trump is in a good position to benefit from Xi’s weak position,’ Lam said.
Xi reportedly made a speech at the meeting, during which he lauded ‘democratic centralism’ – one of the founding principles of Leninism in which the top leadership is all-powerful – and called for unity within the party.
Xi is considered the country’s most powerful leader since Mao.
However he lacks the prestige of the founder of the people’s republic, ‘so he doesn’t feel secure, and to be frank, this also shows a lack of self-confidence,’ said Beijing-based independent political commentator Hua Po.
‘He always suspects that someone wants to rebel,’ Hua said.
‘So for Xi Jinping, strengthening the centralised system and absolute obedience to his leadership is now the only way to face these internal and external challenges.’
Since he came to power, Xi has waged a campaign against corruption, punishing more than 1.5 million officials. Some observers however say the crackdown has targeted his internal opponents in particular.