The central core of the East Antarctic ice sheet should remain stable even if the West Antarctic ice sheet melts, a new study has found.
The findings are significant, because some researchers predict the West Antarctic ice sheet could melt quickly due to global warming.
If the East Antarctic ice sheet, which is 10 times larger than the western ice sheet, were to melt, it would cause sea levels worldwide to rise almost 200 feet (60 meters).
Team members taking a short ice core to study properties of sediment coming from the East Antarctic ice sheet. The research team found layers of sediment and rocks that built up over time, recording the flow of the ice sheet and reflecting climate change
The study, conducted by researchers based at Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, was led by Dr Kathy Licht, an associate professor in the Department of Earth Sciences in the School of Science at IUPUI.
Dr Licht led a research team into the Transarctic Mountains in search of physical evidence that would verify whether the long-standing idea is still true: That the East Antarctic ice sheet is stable.
For a long time, the East Antarctic ice sheet has been considered relatively stable because most of the ice sheet was thought to rest on bedrock above sea level, making it less susceptible to changes in climate.
However, recent studies have shown widespread water beneath it and higher melt potential from encroaching ocean water.
By contrast, the West Antarctic ice sheet is a marine-based ice sheet that is mostly grounded below sea level, which makes it much more susceptible to changes in sea level and variations in ocean temperature.
WHY THE EAST ANTARCTIC ICE SHEET IS MORE STABLE
The West Antarctic ice sheet is a marine-based ice sheet that is mostly grounded below sea level, which makes it much more susceptible to changes in sea level and variations in ocean temperature than the East Antarctic Ice Sheet.
By contrast the East Antarctic ice sheet has been considered relatively stable because most of the ice sheet was though to rest on bedrock above sea level, making it less susceptible to changes in climate.
If the East Antarctic ice sheet, which is 10 times larger than the western ice sheet, were to melt, it would cause sea levels worldwide to rise almost 200 feet (60 meters)
‘Some people have recently found that the East Antarctic ice sheet isn’t as stable as once thought, particularly near some parts of the coast,’ Dr Licht said.
Recent studies have found that the perimeter of the East Antarctic ice sheet is potentially more sensitive and that the ice may have retreated and advanced much more dynamically than was thought, Dr Licht said.
‘We believed this was a good time to look to the interior of the ice sheet,’ Dr Licht said.
‘We didn’t really know what had happened there.
Te research team found evidence confirming the stability of the East Antarctic ice sheet at an altitude of 6,200 feet, about 400 miles from the South Pole at the edge of what’s called the polar plateau, a flat, high surface of the ice sheet covering much of East Antarctica
After their expedition, the research team found evidence confirming the stability of the East Antarctic ice sheet at an altitude of 6,200 feet, about 400 miles from the South Pole at the edge of what’s called the polar plateau, a flat, high surface of the ice sheet covering much of East Antarctica.
In order to understand how an ice sheet changes through time, a continuous record of those changes is required, says Dr Licht.
The research team found layers of sediment and rocks that built up over time, recording the flow of the ice sheet and reflecting climate change.
However, finding that record was a challenge because glaciers moving on land tend to wipe out and cover up previous movements of the glaciers, Dr Licht said.
For a long time, the East Antarctic ice sheet has been considered relatively stable because most of the ice sheet was though to rest on bedrock above sea level, making it less susceptible to changes in climate
The biggest question that the team wanted to answer was how sensitive the East Antarctic sheet might be to climate change.
‘There are models that predict that the interior of the East Antarctic ice sheet wouldn’t change very much, even if the West Antarctic ice sheet was taken away,’ Dr Licht said.
According to these models, even if the ice sheet’s perimeter retreats, its core remains stable.
‘It turns out that our data supports those models,’ said Dr Licht.
‘It’s nice to have that validation.’
The West Antarctic ice sheet is a marine-based ice sheet that is mostly grounded below sea level, which makes it much more susceptible to changes in sea level and variations in ocean temperature