Girls raced ahead of boys today in the new GCSEs with two thirds of the top new ‘grade 9’ marks awarded to female pupils, as overall pass rates plunged following the biggest shake-up of exams in a generation.
Under the overhaul, traditional A* to G grades are being gradually replaced in England with a 9 to 1 system. The key GCSEs of English and maths are the first to move across, with other subjects following over the next two years.
It follows education reforms in England led by former education secretary Michael Gove six years ago, with the overhaul of GCSEs from 2013 expected to ‘set higher expectations’, and ‘demand more from all students’.
Some 50,000 grade 9s were awarded across the board – and two thirds of these were awarded to girls, with the gender gap roughly the same as last year in the key subjects at A*.
Today’s figures show that across England, Wales and Northern Ireland, the proportion of entries scoring at least an A grade – or a 7 under the new system – has fallen by 0.5 percentage points to 20 per cent compared to last year.
(From left) Emily Johnson, Stella Jones, Macie Bisicker-Peacock and Lily Tate compared their GCSE results at Polam Hall School in Darlington, County Durham, today as girls raced ahead of boys in the overhauled qualifications
Groups of excited girls share their GCSE results with each other outside Brighton College in East Sussex today
Brighton College GCSE students pick up their results today. Around 50,000 English and maths GCSEs were awarded the new highest grade this summer, as the impact of the biggest shake-up of exams for a generation began to be felt
(From left) Bashmy Basheer, Akshat Sharma, Tharunkumar Muthu Gurunath and Aashish Khimasia at Queen Elizabeth’s School in Barnet, North London. The school achieved its best-ever GCSE results with a record 70% awarded the top grades
Boys at Merchant Taylors’ Boys’ School in Crosby, Liverpool, talk with each other after receiving their results today
(From left) Ella Todd, Sophie Gant and Molly Riordan collect their GCSE results at Norwich School in Norfolk today
A selection of the 51 boys who got 9 or A* grades hold up A* signs at King Edward’s School in Birmingham today
Sarah Hand who gained ten A*’s celebrates with her dog and mother Maria McCann at Victoria College in Belfast today
As hundreds of thousands of teenagers opened their results today, it was also revealed that the percentage gaining a C or above – or a 4 under the new system – is down 0.6 percentage points to 66.3 per cent.
Only 2.6 per cent of pupils got the new grade 9 in English language this year – compared with 4 per cent achieving an A* last year. And in maths, only 3.5 per cent got a 9 – compared with 7 per cent gaining an A* last year.
The data released by the Joint Council for Qualifications (JCQ) today shows that among 16-year-olds in England:
- In the first year of the new grading system for English and maths, the top grades dropped by about half
- Girls outperformed boys in 9 grades in both English GCSEs, while boys did better in maths
- The overall A*-C pass rate dropped 0.6 percentage points to 66.3 per cent
- In maths, 3.5 per cent of entries – around 18,617 in total – scored a 9
- In English, 2.6 per cent of entries – around 13,754 in total – scored a 9
- In English literature, 3.3 per cent – around 17,187 in total – scored a 9
Just over 2,000 students aged 16 in England this year got a clean sweep of 9 grades across maths, English literature and English language – just 0.4 per cent of the 535,000 students who took these subjects.
A far greater 1.1 per cent got a clean sweep of A*s in these subjects last year – roughly 6,500 – so Oxford and Cambridge universities will find it much easier to distinguish who the really exceptional students are this year.
The new GCSEs focus on end of course exams rather than coursework. Historically girls have done better when it comes to top marks in English and boys have done better in maths.
Last Thursday as the A-level results were released, it emerged that the gender gap was starting to close between boys and girls.
Student Nadine Agius (left) with her mother Vanita Daraji (right) celebrates after getting her results at The Mount School York
Lauren Hindley (left) and Winifred Wright (right) celebrate their GCSE results today at Woldingham School in Surrey
A group of boys jump in the air at Merchant Taylors’ Boys’ School in Crosby, Liverpool, after receiving their GCSE results
Imogen Lloyd (left) celebrates with Hollie Jones after receiving her GCSE results at Ffynone House School in Swansea, Wales
Student Holly Blake (right) with her mother Lauren Blake (left) celebrate after collecting her results at The Mount School York
(From left) Holly Ryan, Deqa Mohammed, Monica Bustamante and Elise Mouricette-Johnson celebrate after collecting their GCSE results at Sion-Manning Roman Catholic Girls School in Ladbroke Grove, West London
Twins Dan and Ben Pluck, both 16, are celebrating after achieving 18 A*s at GCSE at Brighton College today. Dan got 10 A*s and two sevens in English literature and language, while Ben gained eight A*s, an A and nine and eight in English
Aaliyah Wallace who received 11 A*s students at the King Edward School in Birmingham celebrates today
(From left) Bethan Spacey, Hollie Jones, Elinor Beasley and Imogen Lloyd smile with their results at Ffynone House School in Swansea
Major reforms to A-levels in recent years have included a move away from coursework and modular exams – which appears to be benefiting boys.
Experts had predicted the new GCSE format might favour boys as they have on average done better when courses are based around end of year exams. But today’s results suggest this has had less of an impact than expected.
Alan Smithers, professor of education at the University of Buckingham, said: ‘The change to final exams has had less impact on the gender gap than might have been expected.
‘In the results for Year 11 entrants, boys have moved further ahead in maths and have narrowed the gap in English language at the level of a good pass.
‘The English results are difficult to interpret this year because of the massive switch back from the IGCSE which no long counts in the league tables.’
Professor Smithers said he calculated that the proportion of 16-year-old boys in England scoring a 7 or higher – an A*-A under the old grading system – in English language had fallen by 0.5 percentage points to 11.4 per cent compared with last year, while girls had seen a one-point fall to 22.3 per cent.
In maths, the proportion of boys scoring 7 or above had risen one point to 20.6 per cent, while girls saw a drop from 19.9 per cent achieving at least an A grade last year to 19.3 per cent gaining at least a 7.
‘It does look as though the move to end-of-course examinations has enabled the boys to narrow the gap at this level for English and move ahead in maths,’ Prof Smithers said.
Experts have previously suggested that girls tend to respond to modular courses, as they can apply themselves throughout the course, working towards specific modules or coursework, whereas boys are more likely to revise in the weeks before a final exam.
Fewer candidates have achieved a 9 compared to the proportion that gained an A* under the traditional A*-G grading system, following the deliberate move to change the system to allow more differentiation.
One of the main reasons for the change was to better separate the brightest candidates.
Last year, 4 per cent of 16-year-olds in England scored an A* in English language, along with 7 per cent in maths.
The grading switch is part of wider reforms designed to make GCSEs more challenging.
There are now three top grades – 7, 8 and 9 – compared to two under the old system – A* and A – with A* results now split into 8s and 9s.
But the results are expected to damage some bright pupils’ prospects of getting an offer from Oxbridge, because those who previously might have got all A* grades are finding it harder to get 9s.
This year’s pupils are the first year group to sit the new GCSEs in maths, English language and English literature.
Tanvi Goel celebrates at Merchant Taylors’ Girls’ School in Liverpool today after achieving six A*s, two As and two 9 grades
Hannah Evans is all smiles after achieving six A*s and four As (6A* 4A) at Merchant Taylors’ Girls’ School in Liverpool today
Khaira Ashcroft (left), who has got two 9s, eight A*s and one A, celebrates at Merchant Taylors’ Girls’ School in Liverpool (where other pupils are pictured, right)
Teja Jingree hugs a member of staff at Merchant Taylors’ Girls’ School in Liverpool today after achieving five A*s and two As
Some 50,000 grade 9s were awarded across the board – and two thirds of these were awarded to girls (Merchant Taylors’ Girls’ School in Liverpool is pictured)
Chloe Jones, who has achieved two A*s, four As and two 8s, celebrates at Merchant Taylors’ Girls’ School in Liverpool
Girls at Merchant Taylors’ Girls’ School in Liverpool discuss their GCSE results with each other after picking them up today
A very happy Magdalena O’Connon-Manson celebrates her eight A*s along with an 8 and 9 at Merchant Taylors’ Girls’ School
One student in Bristol who scored a string of top grades in her GCSEs said she was surprised by her results.
High-achieving pupil Grace George, 16, achieved grade 9s in English literature and maths and an 8 in English language at St Mary Redcliffe and Temple School in the city.
‘I didn’t expect my results and I thought they might have made a mistake,’ she joked. ‘I feel the grade boundaries were lower because it was the first year and I am pretty proud of my grade in English.’
The teenager from Whitehall in Bristol added: ‘I want to study medicine or possibly maths at university.’
Fellow student Tim Gibberd scored a 9 – the new highest grade – in maths, a 7 in English literature and a 6 in English language. He also picked up 4A*s and three As in his other GCSEs.
‘I am quite pleased. I was expecting a mix of A*s and As and I got that,’ the 16-year-old, from the Clifton area of Bristol, said.
‘I felt the new system in maths worked really well. I am looking forward to A-levels. I did fairly well in the subjects I plan on studying, biology, maths, chemistry and physics.’
Head teacher Elisabeth Gilpin said: ‘This has been a year of great change and challenge for everyone within state education.
‘In face of this national picture, I am incredibly grateful to our students and staff for their tireless work and dedication to achieve such fantastic results in 2017.
‘We are delighted that 84 per cent of our students have achieved grades C/4 or above which marks a significant improvement on very good results last year.
‘In maths and English language 88 per cent of students obtained a grade 4 or above. Our highest attaining students again performed extremely well with 32 per cent of all results graded at A/7 or above.’
Meanwhile a deaf teenager was celebrating after gaining eight A*s at GCSE and said her results show deaf children can overcome the ‘stereotype’ of underachieving.
Jessica Olliver, from Hove, East Sussex, achieved her top grades, as well as a seven and six in English and two As and a B, at Brighton College.
The 16-year-old, who was born profoundly deaf but had cochlear implants at aged two and eight, said: ‘I’m quite pleased with my results, I didn’t expect that at all, when I opened the paper I was really shocked.’
Jessica said her disability had made her more determined and added: ‘Because I hear significantly less than others then it’s like I have to work more to be able to hear what the teacher says, so I have to strain more in classes so sometimes I get more tired than others.
‘Overall, the main issue, my language was a lot less than everyone else’s because I only started talking when I was three which was a lot later than everyone else and I had to work to catch up with everyone else but I think I got there.’
She added: ‘In the deaf community there is this stereotype that we can’t do as well as others so I wanted to prove that was wrong.’
Jessica said her ambition was to become a lawyer and will go on to study history, politics, maths and geography at A-level.
This year’s youngest GCSE candidate has earned an impressive C grade in mathematics – despite being just six. Alexsha Monforte from London picked up her certificate today, despite taking the exam ten years earlier than she should. The brainy girl was awarded a grade 5 under the new exam scoring system, which is equivalent to a C. She studied with the Excellence in Education programme, led by Professor Chris Imafidon, alongside a group of other bright youngsters aged six to 12
Twin stars at King Edward’s School in Birmingham (from left) Benjamin and Sebastian Bellavia, 16 who both got ten A*s and an A; twin Girls Antar-Jot Mahan who got 10 A*s and sister Antar-Preet Mahan who got 7 A*s, 2 As and a B
Pupils at Merchant Taylors’ Girls’ School in Liverpool excitedly discuss their results on what is a nervy day across the country
Teja Jingree is hugged by a proud family member at Merchant Taylors’ Girls’ School in Liverpool today after getting her results
Students celebrate a string of top GCSE grades at St Mary and Temple School in Bristol this morning
Tim Gibberd (left), 16, and Grace George (right), 16, both celebrate their grades at St Mary and Temple School in Bristol today
Hollie Jones hugs a friend after receiving her GCSE results today at Ffynone House School in Swansea, South Wales
At the same college a set of triplets are celebrating after achieving 17 A* grades at GCSE between them.
Alice, Jamie and Tom Heap, all 16, from Hove, East Sussex, said they are happy with their results and are now planning to carry on their studies at A-level.
As well as achieving seven A*s and two As, Alice gained two 9s in the revamped English GCSE subjects.
Speaking of the new marking system, Alice said: ‘It was a bit stressful because it was unknown but I am happy with what I got and it gives a bigger spectrum of results as well which is good.’
However, there have already been indications of chaos and confusion over the changes as:
• Lord Baker and the Institute of Directors warned the new GCSEs would leave employers puzzled
• Ofsted director Mike Sheridan said making predictions for the new grades would be too ‘challenging’ for schools
• Ofqual admitted greater number of students may get the wrong mark in comparison with previous years.
• Teaching leaders warned the new qualifications are creating too much anxiety for students and said they were being treated as ‘guinea pigs’
• A former exams boss urged the government to drop its policy of resits for those failing to achieve a decent mark in the new harder exams.
The new qualifications have tougher content, are assessed through exam rather than coursework and have a new numerical scale to replace the old alphabet system.
The three subjects are being assessed on a 1-9 scale, with 9 the top mark and 1 the bottom mark.
The new scale allows for better differentiation between the high-performing candidates, with grades 7, 8 and 9.
Professor Smithers said: ‘There are likely to be very few grade 9s this year. There are already few A* grades in English and maths.
‘And now these are to be spread across grades 8 and 9. With tougher content and exams they will be even thinner on the ground.’
The new scale, which contains more grades, has been created in response to concerns that universities and employers were unable to differentiate well enough between good pupils and exceptional ones.
The bottom of the old A is aligned with the bottom of the new 7, while the bottom of the old C is aligned with the new 4.
The rest of the subjects will be assessed using A*-G this year, but will switch to the numerical system in future years as reformed versions are phased in. But there have been concerns the new system may create problems.
Students (from left) Abigail Burton and Nadine Agius at The Mount School York celebrate after collecting their GCSE results
Elinor Beasley reads her GCSE results at Ffynone House School in Swansea. Welsh pupils are still being graded A* to G
Clara Harrison (left) who achieved 10 A*s and an A at King Edward VI School in Birmingham celebrates with her sister Emily
A pupil smiles as she shows off her GCSE results at Sheffield High School for Girls in South Yorkshire today
(From left) Bethan Spacey, Hollie Jones and Elinor Beasley take a selfie on results day at Ffynone House School in Swansea
Lord Baker, the former education secretary who introduced GCSEs, said the numerical system would leave people ‘puzzled’ and claimed employers would not understand it.
The Institute of Directors (IoD) has said its members may think the 1 to 9 system is ‘gibberish’ and instead favour job candidates with old style lettered GCSE grades.
Yesterday, there was also a warning from senior Ofsted director Mike Sheridan, who said schools would find it ‘incredibly challenging’ to predict grades while the changes bed in and did not expect them to do so.
And Ofqual has already admitted in a technical briefing that a greater number of students may get the wrong mark in comparison with previous years.
It warned of the ‘profound effect’ that introducing more grade boundaries will have – since it means the marking errors that occur every year are likely to have more of an impact on the resulting grade.
The number of pupils requesting their paper to be remarked is likely to spike this year as teachers and parents eye the changes with suspicion.
Under recent reforms, those not achieving a 4 – equivalent to a C – in English and maths will have to resit the exams.
Only around a quarter of those resitting are expected to pass the second time round.
Yesterday, Mark Dawe, the former boss of the OCR exam board, called for the government to scrap the policy and instead fund alternative qualifications.
He said: ‘English and maths are important for the whole population but the resits policy is leading to mass failure.
‘The government should abandon it now and instead focus on Functional Skills being a good alternative.’
Meanwhile the Association of School and College Leaders (ASCL) warned the reformed GCSEs would create more anxiety for students.
General secretary Geoff Barton, said: ‘We have already had reports from members of increased stress and anxiety among pupils this year, and this will intensify next year.
‘We know from numerous reports that there is a rising tide of mental health issues among young people and we are concerned the new exams will make the situation worse.
‘The new GCSEs are more challenging, and there are more papers, and this is putting severe pressure on young people.
‘We support a robust qualification system, but it has to be balanced against the welfare of young people, and we are not sure the balance in the new system is correct.’
Dr Mary Bousted, general secretary of the Association of Teachers and Lecturers (ATL), said of the new GCSEs: ‘The Government’s calamitous, rushed through reforms to the exams system have put extreme pressure on pupils taking their GCSEs this year.
‘We can only hope pupils aren’t put at a disadvantage after being used as guinea pigs. The haste with which the exam reforms been have rushed in has not given schools enough time to prepare and to get to grips with the changes.
‘Teachers have not been able to predict their pupil’s results, and the information provided by exam boards about the standards expected was entirely inadequate.’
The reforms were instigated by former education secretary Michael Gove following concerns about ‘dumbing down’ and grade inflation.
In the new reformed maths GCSE, there is enhanced content in topics such as ratio, proportion and rates of change.
In the new English language GCSE, there is greater emphasis on spelling and grammar – while in English literature a wider range of reading is required.
Ofqual chief regulator Sally Collier said: ‘Today’s results reflect years of careful planning.
‘We have used the same tried and tested principle of comparable outcomes, as in previous years, to ensure that this first cohort of students is not disadvantaged.
‘If a student receives a grade 7 today, they could have expected to have received a grade A last year.
‘And if they get a grade 4, they could have expected to get a grade C in 2016.’
Schools minister Nick Gibb said: ‘A new grading system was needed to distinguish between the old and the new reformed GCSEs.
‘The new grading system also provides stretch for the highest performers by showing greater distinction between the top marks.’
But the headmaster of Brighton College has criticised the announcement by two exam boards – OCR and Edexcel – that a single request for a remark could lead to an automatic review of the whole cohort’s marks.
He said this could lead to students finding out later that their grades had been downgraded because of the remark.
Richard Cairns said: ‘In a year of such uncertainty, with new exams and, by definition, inexperienced markers, this should be waived immediately. Exam boards should not be threatening candidates or schools in this way.’
Exam success for Manchester attack victim, 15, who took test from her sofa
A courageous teenager who suffered terrible shrapnel injuries in the Manchester terrorist attack has aced her GCSE English exam a year early after taking the test lying on her sofa.
Millie Robson, who attends Woodham Academy, in Newton Aycliffe, County Durham, told her mother almost straight after coming out of surgery that she still wanted to sit the exam.
Along with her friend Laura Anderson, both 15, she was struck by the blast that killed 22 people in Manchester Arena.
Millie Robson (pictured with mother Marie), 15, who was injured in the Manchester bombings, took her English a year early
Queen Elizabeth II speaks to Millie and her mother, Marie, during a visit to the Royal Manchester Children’s Hospital in May
Millie She had already met Ariana Grande before the concert at the Manchester Arena on May 22 having won a competition
Despite suffering awful injuries, she bravely directed the emergency services away from her in the aftermath to treat others more seriously wounded.
Laura Anderson, 15, has received a top English GCSE grade despite sitting the exam a fortnight after the atrocity
Coming into school to collect her result, she found out she had achieved a 6 in her English language exam.
‘I’m really happy with my result,’ she said. ‘I always saw myself doing it because I was really determined to do the exam and come back to school as quick as possible.
‘I took it three days after I came out of hospital and did it on my couch with the invigilator sat in the corner. I did it on a tray lying on the couch, it was a lot less stressful than what it would have been in the hall.’
She had already met Ariana Grande before the concert having won a competition and was then pictured meeting the Queen in her hospital bed.
She said: ‘I remember there were a lot of people a lot worse off than I was and I was in a position where I had people who were helping me out, so when you can hear kids that are really young screaming and crying in pain obviously any decent person would tell the emergency services to sort them out before they come to you.
‘The support I have been getting from a lot of people – people from all over the world have been messaging me asking how I’m doing, and that has made me want to get better as quickly as possible.’
Her friend Laura received a top English GCSE grade despite sitting the exam a fortnight after the atrocity.
She took the English language test after suffering shrapnel wounds in the Ariana Grande concert blast.
Laura, who got her result while on holiday in Spain, said: ‘I’m really happy with it. I was so glad when I found out I got a 7. Honestly, I’m so happy I made the decision to take it, even though I couldn’t really focus on revision.’
More top performers are needed in GCSEs ‘to compete with the world’s best’
Tens of thousands more teenagers need to score good grades in GCSE English and maths to put the nation on a par with the best performing countries in the world, according to research.
In maths particularly, England has work to do to match the average performance of youngsters in places such as Singapore, Hong Kong and Japan, the Education Policy Institute (EPI) study found.
The findings, which come in the week that teenagers receive their GCSE results, show that England’s pupils should be aiming to get new grade 5s in English and maths, the EPI said, rather than 4s – which are broadly equivalent to C grades under the traditional grading system.
Researchers used data from international tests in maths and reading and last year’s GCSE results to compare performance between nations.
The study concludes that in maths, students in England need to score around two-thirds of a grade higher on average to match the performance of youngsters in Singapore, Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and Japan.
It means that under the traditional A*-G grading system, which is being phased out, an extra 96,000 pupils would have to score the equivalent of at least a B grade, with the number of low-performing pupils (those failing to get a C) falling by 60,000.
In English language, the average grade would also have to increase slightly, with an extra 42,000 youngsters scoring the equivalent of A*-B grades in the subject, in order to match the highest performing countries in native language reading – Singapore, Hong Kong, Canada, Finland and Ireland.
The numbers failing to get a C in English language would need to drop by 42,000.
David Laws, EPI executive chairman and former Lib Dem schools minister. said: ‘This analysis highlights the gulf between education outcomes in England and the performance of the world’s best education nations.
‘In certain subjects, such as maths, England needs both to significantly raise the number of top performers and almost halve the number of low performers if it is to compete with the world’s best.’
Nervous pupils flood Twitter with jittery memes before they pick up grades
Terrified teenagers are having a meltdown on social media as they anxiously await their GCSE results.
Schoolchildren across the country will be getting their exam marks at around 9.30am today with many finding the wait too much to bare.
Thousands of 16-year-olds are expected to be disappointed as they fail to scoop the top mark in English and maths, following radical reforms to make the qualifications tougher.
Many teens have taken to social media to voice their concerns, sharing hilarious memes.
One girl shared a picture of Kermit the Frog looking miserable while flopped out on a bed and wrote: ‘Remembering all the questions I answered were guesses #GCSEResultsDay2017.’
Another pupil, who was up until the early hours, shared a photo of a woman looking anxious and wrote: ‘It’s almost 3am and I’m still awake… results day got me like…’
One pupil shared a still from Game of Thrones, featuring a character jumping out of a window, with the caption: ‘Results day got me like.’
While another pupil shared a photo of reality star Gemma Collins running around with a miniature pony on Celebrity Big Brother, with the caption: ‘Me running out of school with my results before anyone asks me what I got #ResultsDay2017.’
Fall in numbers of students taking French and German GCSEs
The numbers of students taking foreign language GCSEs have dropped again this year.
Figures show that languages traditionally taught in secondary schools, such French and German, are continuing to lose popularity with UK teenagers.
There was a 9.9 per cent fall in entries for GCSE French this year, compared to last, with numbers plummeting by more than a quarter (down 26.5 per cent) since 2010.
In German, there has been a 13.2 per cent fall compared to last year, with 43,649 entries for the subject this summer. The numbers taking the language have fallen by more than a third (down 38 per cent), since 2010.
Entries for GCSE Spanish are holding steady at around 91,040, although this is also down slightly (down 1.8 per cent) on last summer. The falls come despite foreign languages being a key part of the English Baccalaureate (EBacc).
The EBacc is a measure used in school performance tables which recognises youngsters who score a C or higher in English, maths, science, history or geography and a language.
Suzanne O’Farrell, curriculum and assessment specialist for the Association of School and College Leaders (ASCL), said schools are reluctant to enter pupils for language GCSEs due to ‘severe grading’ in the subject.
‘We are seeing rises in entries for other EBacc subjects but not for languages.
‘This is down to the fact that languages are more severely graded at GCSE compared to other EBacc subjects.
‘There should be a reasonable expectation that a pupil who is likely to get a B in GCSE history is likely to get a B in GCSE French. That isn’t happening.’