Nasal spray made from KETAMINE wins FDA panel’s backing for treating depression

Nasal spray made from KETAMINE wins FDA panel’s backing in a major step toward using the party drug to treat depression

  • Ketamine  is used by veterinarians and physicians as a sedative 
  • But it is also sold and used illegally as a party drug because it causes a high or sense of euphoria and dissociative effects 
  • In recent years, scientists have been testing it out to treat depression that doesn’t respond well to other drugs with promising results 
  • Today, a key advisory panel gave the green light for Johnson & Johnson’s ketamine-derived nasal spray to move ahead in the approval process 

A US Food and Drug Administration  (FDA) advisory panel green lighted a nasal spray that derived from ketamine – a sometimes-party drug – as a therapy for treatment-resistant depression on Tuesday. 

Johnson & Johnson’s controversial experimental medication, esketamine, is not identical to the party drug, but has met some resistance due to concerns over its abuse. 

Yet, in recent years, studies have increasingly shown that ketamine – in its unadulterated form, which is used as a sedative – has promise in treating depression in patients for whom other drugs failed. 

Getting the go-ahead from the panel marks a major step toward an approved ketamine therapy for depression, a source of hope for some patients and their doctors and concern for other clinicians. 

Johnson & Johnson’s nasal spray, esketamine, is a depression drug made from a core part of the sedative and party drug known illicitly as ‘special K.’ Now, an FDA panel has given it the green light, a major step for a promising- but controversial – treatment for stubborn depression

The panel voted 14-2 in favor of the drug esketamine, developed to treat major depression in patients who have not benefited from at least two different therapies, saying its benefits outweighed the risks. 

One panel member abstained from voting.

Esketamine is a chemical mirror image of anesthetic ketamine, which is also abused as a recreational party drug and goes by the street nickname ‘Special K’.

‘I think esketamine has the potential to be a game-changer in the treatment of depression … I use the term potential because the issues of cost and patient accessibility need to be addressed,’ said Walter Dunn, who voted in favor of approval.

However, the panel members echoed concerns raised by FDA staffers on Friday regarding the increased risk of sedation, dissociation and higher blood pressure observed in the study.

The FDA recommended implementing a risk evaluation and mitigation strategy (REMS) program which included ensuring esketamine is only dispensed and administered under supervision.

‘Ketamine is a nasty drug … should J&J’s drug get approved, I think a strong effort has to be given as part of REMS … so that patients really know what they are getting themselves into,’ said Steven Meisel, another member who voted ‘yes’.

Major depressive disorder affects over 300 million people globally. About 30 percent to 40 percent of these patients fail to respond to first-line treatments such as antidepressants, most of which take at least four weeks to show effect.

However, depression is a tricky area of development. Patients in clinical trials often show a big placebo response, masking the efficacy of the drug being tested.

Currently, Eli Lilly and Co’s Symbyax is the only FDA-approved drug for treatment-resistant depression.

‘There is a lot of potential for people that just want that quick fix. I really would be cautious,’ said Kim Witczak, a panel member who voted ‘no’.

J&J’s esketamine, used in combination with a newly prescribed antidepressant, works by restoring the nerve cell connections in the brain, leading to an improvement in depression symptoms.

The FDA, although not mandated to follow the panel’s recommendation, is expected to announce its decision on esketamine by March 4. 

(Reporting by Saumya Sibi Joseph in Bengaluru; Editing by Shounak Dasgupta)

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