People who take antidepressants have a lower risk of developing Parkinson’s disease, a new study claims.
The research published in the journal Neurobiology of Disease found extended use of the drug nortriptyline prevented abnormal proteins building up in the brain, which trigger the disease.
The drug, typically used to treat depression and nerve pain, has been around for 50 years.
But the researchers at Michigan State University claim their proof-of-concept study shows the treatment could be repurposed as a preventative measure for Parkinson’s.
Research published this week found extended use of the drug nortriptyline prevented abnormal proteins building up in the brain, which trigger the disease (file image)
‘Depression is a very frequent condition associated with Parkinson’s, so we became interested in whether an antidepressant could modify how the disease progresses,’ said Tim Collier, lead author of the study and a neuroscientist at MSU.
Collier’s team looked at data on patients at the university hospital to see if individuals who were on antidepressants experienced any delay in their need to go on a standard Parkinson’s therapy called levodopa.
This type of therapy increases levels of dopamine, a natural chemical in the body that sends signals to other nerve cells and can significantly decrease in cases of Parkinson’s.
The medication also treats many of the symptoms associated with the disease such as tremors and poor muscle control.
‘We found that those on a certain class of antidepressant, called tricyclics, didn’t need the levodopa therapy until much later compared to those who weren’t on that type of antidepressant medication,’ Collier said.
Collier then tested rats with the tricyclic antidepressant nortriptyline and found that it indeed was able to decrease the amount of abnormal protein that can build up in the brain.
This protein, alpha-synuclein, can cause the brain’s nerve cells to die when in a clustered state and is a hallmark sign of the disease.
He then collaborated with his colleague and co-author Lisa Lapidus, who in previous studies detected whether certain compounds could bind to alpha-synuclein and stop it from accumulating.
‘Proteins are constantly moving and changing shape,’ said Lapidus, a professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy.
‘By using a test tube model, we found that by adding nortriptyline to the alpha-synuclein proteins, they began to move and change shape much faster, preventing the proteins from clumping together.
‘The idea that this clustering effect is controlled by how fast or slow a protein reconfigures itself is typically not a standard way of thinking in research on proteins, but our work has been able to show these changes.’
The researchers say that understanding how these proteins can clump together could point researchers in new directions and help them find other possible drugs that could potentially treat Parkinson’s.
‘What we’ve essentially shown is that an already FDA-approved drug that’s been studied over 50 years and is relatively well tolerated could be a much simpler approach to treating the disease itself, not just the symptoms,’ Collier said.